Thursday, November 19, 2020

We're All Spam

 Well, biologically speaking, we are all spam. From the tips of our fingers down to the nucleotides of our genome, and recent theories even involving our consciousness: we have viruses' abilities to be a genetic parasite to blame––or thank? 

Over millions of years, retroviruses have snuck into our DNA and established themselves as part of our genome. These viral DNA sequences mutate, change, and lose their ability to break out of our cells. Some jump from here and there within our genome, and others remain stuck forever where they invaded. 

And some of these viruses became incorporated in our sperm and egg cells. Being passed down from generation to generation, they are now a permanent part of our genome. 

Around half of the human genome can be traced back to long dead viruses or similar "jumping genes", known as transposons. There are even some researchers claiming that this number is up to 80% due to viral sequences being degraded over millions of years to the point of no recognition. 

To further emphasize this, we've all got ancient viruses in our brain. The viral gene Arc "comes to life" and produces RNA. The nerve cell then builds a capsid around the RNA that allows it to travel safely between cells. Eventually, this capsid enters another neuron cell and passes its genetic material onwards. 

The functionality of Arc is still not fully understood, but those who posses atypical neural conditions have a defect in this gene. 

Basically, we are viruses that work 9-5s.  

-Jenny Portillo  


https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/virus-human-evolution/amp/

https://www.livescience.com/61627-ancient-virus-brain.html


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