The risk of getting cervical cancer is six-fold for women living with HIV associated with an increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, rapid progression of infection to cancer, lower regression chances of pre-cancer lesions and higher rates of recurrence. 5% of cervical cancer cases worldwide can be attributed to HIV with an uneven distribution. The proportion of cervical cancer attributable to HIV is greater than 40% in 8 high HIV prevalence countries whereas for 127 countries with low HIV prevalence it estimates lower than 5%. This stark disproportion places cervical cancer burden in the African continent where 85% of cervical cancer cases are reported. In the sub-Saharan region of Africa, in addition to high HIV prevalence, insufficient HPV vaccination, screening and treatment for cervical pre-cancer and cancer contribute to this burden.
A lot of work has to be done to reach WHO’s targets of eliminating cervical cancer by 2030 that includes 90% HPV vaccination coverage, 70% screening coverage, 90% access to treatment for cervical pre-cancer and cancer and access to palliative care. If this goal is achieved WHO estimates a 40% reduction in cervical cancer incidence and prevention of 5 million deaths by 2050.
Some countries like Rwanda have championed cervical cancer screenings and HPV vaccinations but the question remains, with added COVID-19 burden, will African countries reach this goal?
-Bethel
Reference
2 comments:
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