Tuesday, February 18, 2020

Quick Speed-to-Market Ebola Vaccine – Hope for COVID-19?

As COVID-19 rages on, the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is finally showing signs of slowing down. In the last two days, no new cases have been reported. It is a breakthrough. WHO has downgraded the risk assessment for Ebola outbreak from Very High to High.

Since the outbreak began in August of 2018, the disease has plagued DRC’s war-torn North Kivu and Ituri provinces. As of February 11, 2020, there were 3,432 cases and 2,249 deaths, with a fatality rate of 66% (1, 3). For a disease where treatment is available and vaccines have recently been approved, it is a tragedy that more people couldn’t have been saved (2).

Treatment and vaccines for Ebola have been developed in record times. Ebola first burst onto the scene in 1976; but development for treatment and vaccines was slow to gain traction because the outbreaks were confined to West Africa, a region far away from Europe and North America. The threat to the moneyed and powerful part of the global, where bioscience development happens, was minimal. In the early 2000s, a confluence of events occurred that pushed the scientific work on Ebola treatment and prevention to the top of the agenda for Europe and US. 9/11 brought terrorist threats close to home for the Americans. At this time, confirmation that Soviet Union had been developing Ebola as a bioweapon came to light. The 2013 to 2016 outbreak further demonstrated the deadliness of this virus without antidote and vaccine. Finally, the post-9/11 anthrax letters that killed five people and infected 17 others prompted the US government to invest heavily and openly in biodefense research that focused on Ebola.

On December 19, 2019, FDA approved the vaccines for Ebola developed by Merck and Public Health Agency of Canada (2, 4). The speed to market for the Ebola vaccines gives hope to many that a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 could be developed and tested quickly, if scientists work and share their work together.

 ~~  You Jia Zhu

1.Lisa Schelin, “WHO, the Ebola Epidemic is DR Congo May Be Nearing its End”, Voice of America, February 9, 2019.

2. FDA Press Release: First FDA-approved vaccine for the prevention of Ebola virus disease, marking a critical milestone in public health preparedness and response, December 19, 2019

3. Ebola health update – DRC, 2019, World Health Organization.

4. Monica Villamizar, Despite outbreak, Ebola treatment and vaccine represent ‘resounding scientific success’, PBS Newshour, January 16, 2020.

9 comments:

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Charlotte Johnson said...

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infected 
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individual 
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activities during 
that time. 
HSV-2 is contracted through forms of sexual 
contact with a 
person who has HSV-2. It is estimated that  around 20  
percent of sexually active adults within the 
United States 
have been infected with HSV-2, according to the 
American 
Academy of Dermatology (AAD). ( AAD ) While 
HSV-2 
infections are spread by coming into contact 
with a herpes 
sore, the AAD reports that most people get 
HSV-1 from an 
infected person who is asymptomatic, or does 
not have 
sores. 
having multiple sex partners 
being female 
having another sexually transmitted infection 
(STI) 
having a weakened immune system
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