Sunday, January 31, 2021

New COVID Vaccine by Novavax Proves its Efficacy

  Many vaccines against COVID have been in the works since it became clear that SARS-CoV-2 was not going to fade away quietly like the previous MERS and SARS outbreaks did. Three days ago, Novavax announced that its phase 3 clinical trials from the UK showed their vaccine to be 89.3% effective, making it the third company to produce a highly effective vaccine following Pfizer and Moderna. This vaccine is different from the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines in that it consists of nanoparticles formed from artificially synthesized virus spike proteins. This vaccine development strategy has been used to make many other vaccines such as those for influenza and HPV. 

An important complication to note is that this vaccine was tested in a small group (~4,000 people) in South Africa and was found to be only about 60% effective. Of those who contracted the virus during the South Africa trial, more than 90% were infected with the region’s new variant. This is concerning because as the virus gets more exposure to vaccine-induced immunity, the odds that it mutates to the point that it can fully escape the vaccine increase. Even if the vaccine is less effective against new strains, however, 60% protection can make a critical difference in efforts to slow the virus’ spread especially when vaccine availability is a problem. Novavax, however, has acknowledged that it may need to return to the drawing board. 

For Novavax, returning to the drawing board means another round of a long, expensive design and production process. Synthesizing protein for their vaccine is done biologically using cells whereas the RNA vaccines created by Pfizer and Moderna are synthesized chemically which is usually faster and cheaper. It’s interesting to note that RNA vaccines are a new technology making their debut in the attack against SARS-CoV-2. The development of this novel type of vaccine is likely just one of many scientific developments that will arise from the huge amount of effort, funding, and motivation that has been directed at this virus.


- Renata


NYT: Novavax’s Vaccine Works Well — Except on Variant First Found in South Africa, accessed, 1/31/2021


Novavax: Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine Demonstrates 89.3% Efficacy in UK Phase 3 Trial, January 28th, 2021, accessed 1/31/2021


The Conversation: How mRNA vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna work, November 18th, 2020, accessed 1/31/2021



3 comments:

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