Wednesday, October 21, 2020

To What End? Debates on Bioethics of Proposed Vaccine Trials

A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trial has been proposed in the UK. It’s unique because it proposes deliberately infecting test subjects to see if they get sick. This type of trial is known as a “challenge trial” and it has been used to test vaccines for things like malaria and typhoid. The big difference between those vaccine trials and the proposed SARS-CoV-2 vaccine trial is that if the vaccine failed and subjects did become ill, incredibly effective drugs could be used to treat malaria and typhoid. Proponents of the challenge trial methodology for COVID argue that it will help bring an effective vaccine to market more rapidly. But there are some critical flaws to their logic. The first is simply that several other vaccine trials are already approaching the phase III clinical trial stage. So there isn’t much of a need for this challenge trial. But a more important question is whether or not challenge trials would even be effective in bringing a vaccine to market. The problem here is that vaccines need to be tested against many different demographics before they can be safely released for public administration. Ethically, challenge trials can only expose young, healthy people to the virus after vaccination. The risk of exposing at-risk populations is just too great because they could easily die as a result. The elderly, people with diabetes, and other vulnerable populations are the ones who are most in need of a vaccine, so developing a vaccine that has only been tested on young, healthy people is in the best case only beneficial to a small group of people who can get it, and in the worst case can be harmful to populations that the vaccine was not properly tested on before approval. 


- Renata


https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02821-4


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