Around 25% of men have HPV strains linked with several cancers. Since most HPV infections are asymptomatic, it can be difficult to promote the importance of the vaccine. For example, high-risk HPV infections can cause cancer in the mouth, upper throat, cervix, and more. Around 45% of the 2000 men sample in this study, screened with PCR amplification, has some HPV infection, which considerably higher than rates in women. It is estimated that more than 9000 cases of HPV-linked cancers occur in the male population annually.
The vaccine was approved for young men, 5 years after it was approved for young women. A nonavalent (9-valent) vaccine is available for HPV infection prevention, with the dosages recently reduced from three doses to two doses. The strains covered include 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, 6, 11, 16, and 18. Of those that are high risk and can cause cancer are 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, 16, and 18. Vaccines can prevent these cancers, yet vaccination rates remain low. HPV is the leading cause of cervical cancer and can be detected in women with pap smears, which have also contributed to the decline in cervical cancers and death. Men remain low on rates of HPV vaccination coverage.
Gianna Nino-Tapias ('18)
References:
Han JJ, et al. Prevalence of Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection and Human Papillomavirus Vacicnation Rates Among US Adult Men. JAMA Oncology (2016). E1-E7.
1 in 4 US men have cancer-linked HPV genital infections
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